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<t>Graphene‐dependent</t> activation of SIM‐A9 microglia. (A) ATP content of SIM‐A9 cells cultured for 3 h on glass or PET surfaces with (+) or without <t>(−)</t> <t>monolayer</t> graphene‐coating in PBS. (B) Representative images of cells on glass (Gl) and graphene‐coated glass (Gr/Gl); scale bar: 200 µm. (C) TNF‐ α secretion measured by ELISA. Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) treatment served as a positive control. (D) Cells were cotreated with surfaces or LPS in combination with polymyxin B for 3 h. Data are presented as percentage of control (untreated cells on tissue culture plastic) and shown as mean ± SD from at least two independent experiments ( n ≥ 3 each). Statistical analysis was performed using one‐way ANOVA with Sidak's post hoc test (* p < 0.05, ** p < 0.01, *** p < 0.001).
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conducting polymer coated non woven graphite fiber film  (Photonics Inc)
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<t>Graphene‐dependent</t> activation of SIM‐A9 microglia. (A) ATP content of SIM‐A9 cells cultured for 3 h on glass or PET surfaces with (+) or without <t>(−)</t> <t>monolayer</t> graphene‐coating in PBS. (B) Representative images of cells on glass (Gl) and graphene‐coated glass (Gr/Gl); scale bar: 200 µm. (C) TNF‐ α secretion measured by ELISA. Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) treatment served as a positive control. (D) Cells were cotreated with surfaces or LPS in combination with polymyxin B for 3 h. Data are presented as percentage of control (untreated cells on tissue culture plastic) and shown as mean ± SD from at least two independent experiments ( n ≥ 3 each). Statistical analysis was performed using one‐way ANOVA with Sidak's post hoc test (* p < 0.05, ** p < 0.01, *** p < 0.001).
Conducting Polymer Coated Non Woven Graphite Fiber Film, supplied by Photonics Inc, used in various techniques. Bioz Stars score: 86/100, based on 1 PubMed citations. ZERO BIAS - scores, article reviews, protocol conditions and more
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easy transfer monolayer graphene on polymer film  (Graphenea)
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<t>Graphene‐dependent</t> activation of SIM‐A9 microglia. (A) ATP content of SIM‐A9 cells cultured for 3 h on glass or PET surfaces with (+) or without <t>(−)</t> <t>monolayer</t> graphene‐coating in PBS. (B) Representative images of cells on glass (Gl) and graphene‐coated glass (Gr/Gl); scale bar: 200 µm. (C) TNF‐ α secretion measured by ELISA. Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) treatment served as a positive control. (D) Cells were cotreated with surfaces or LPS in combination with polymyxin B for 3 h. Data are presented as percentage of control (untreated cells on tissue culture plastic) and shown as mean ± SD from at least two independent experiments ( n ≥ 3 each). Statistical analysis was performed using one‐way ANOVA with Sidak's post hoc test (* p < 0.05, ** p < 0.01, *** p < 0.001).
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ws 2 /graphene hybrid sensing films  (Ceram GmbH)
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<t>Graphene‐dependent</t> activation of SIM‐A9 microglia. (A) ATP content of SIM‐A9 cells cultured for 3 h on glass or PET surfaces with (+) or without <t>(−)</t> <t>monolayer</t> graphene‐coating in PBS. (B) Representative images of cells on glass (Gl) and graphene‐coated glass (Gr/Gl); scale bar: 200 µm. (C) TNF‐ α secretion measured by ELISA. Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) treatment served as a positive control. (D) Cells were cotreated with surfaces or LPS in combination with polymyxin B for 3 h. Data are presented as percentage of control (untreated cells on tissue culture plastic) and shown as mean ± SD from at least two independent experiments ( n ≥ 3 each). Statistical analysis was performed using one‐way ANOVA with Sidak's post hoc test (* p < 0.05, ** p < 0.01, *** p < 0.001).
Ws 2 /Graphene Hybrid Sensing Films, supplied by Ceram GmbH, used in various techniques. Bioz Stars score: 90/100, based on 1 PubMed citations. ZERO BIAS - scores, article reviews, protocol conditions and more
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graphene tem support films  (Ted Pella)
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<t>Graphene‐dependent</t> activation of SIM‐A9 microglia. (A) ATP content of SIM‐A9 cells cultured for 3 h on glass or PET surfaces with (+) or without <t>(−)</t> <t>monolayer</t> graphene‐coating in PBS. (B) Representative images of cells on glass (Gl) and graphene‐coated glass (Gr/Gl); scale bar: 200 µm. (C) TNF‐ α secretion measured by ELISA. Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) treatment served as a positive control. (D) Cells were cotreated with surfaces or LPS in combination with polymyxin B for 3 h. Data are presented as percentage of control (untreated cells on tissue culture plastic) and shown as mean ± SD from at least two independent experiments ( n ≥ 3 each). Statistical analysis was performed using one‐way ANOVA with Sidak's post hoc test (* p < 0.05, ** p < 0.01, *** p < 0.001).
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graphene film  (Graphenea)
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<t>Graphene‐dependent</t> activation of SIM‐A9 microglia. (A) ATP content of SIM‐A9 cells cultured for 3 h on glass or PET surfaces with (+) or without <t>(−)</t> <t>monolayer</t> graphene‐coating in PBS. (B) Representative images of cells on glass (Gl) and graphene‐coated glass (Gr/Gl); scale bar: 200 µm. (C) TNF‐ α secretion measured by ELISA. Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) treatment served as a positive control. (D) Cells were cotreated with surfaces or LPS in combination with polymyxin B for 3 h. Data are presented as percentage of control (untreated cells on tissue culture plastic) and shown as mean ± SD from at least two independent experiments ( n ≥ 3 each). Statistical analysis was performed using one‐way ANOVA with Sidak's post hoc test (* p < 0.05, ** p < 0.01, *** p < 0.001).
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graphene quantum dot sensing film  (Quantum Dot Inc)
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<t>Graphene‐dependent</t> activation of SIM‐A9 microglia. (A) ATP content of SIM‐A9 cells cultured for 3 h on glass or PET surfaces with (+) or without <t>(−)</t> <t>monolayer</t> graphene‐coating in PBS. (B) Representative images of cells on glass (Gl) and graphene‐coated glass (Gr/Gl); scale bar: 200 µm. (C) TNF‐ α secretion measured by ELISA. Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) treatment served as a positive control. (D) Cells were cotreated with surfaces or LPS in combination with polymyxin B for 3 h. Data are presented as percentage of control (untreated cells on tissue culture plastic) and shown as mean ± SD from at least two independent experiments ( n ≥ 3 each). Statistical analysis was performed using one‐way ANOVA with Sidak's post hoc test (* p < 0.05, ** p < 0.01, *** p < 0.001).
Graphene Quantum Dot Sensing Film, supplied by Quantum Dot Inc, used in various techniques. Bioz Stars score: 90/100, based on 1 PubMed citations. ZERO BIAS - scores, article reviews, protocol conditions and more
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Graphene‐dependent activation of SIM‐A9 microglia. (A) ATP content of SIM‐A9 cells cultured for 3 h on glass or PET surfaces with (+) or without (−) monolayer graphene‐coating in PBS. (B) Representative images of cells on glass (Gl) and graphene‐coated glass (Gr/Gl); scale bar: 200 µm. (C) TNF‐ α secretion measured by ELISA. Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) treatment served as a positive control. (D) Cells were cotreated with surfaces or LPS in combination with polymyxin B for 3 h. Data are presented as percentage of control (untreated cells on tissue culture plastic) and shown as mean ± SD from at least two independent experiments ( n ≥ 3 each). Statistical analysis was performed using one‐way ANOVA with Sidak's post hoc test (* p < 0.05, ** p < 0.01, *** p < 0.001).

Journal: Small Science

Article Title: Graphene Triggers Inflammation in Murine Microglia via Phagocytosis

doi: 10.1002/smsc.202500531

Figure Lengend Snippet: Graphene‐dependent activation of SIM‐A9 microglia. (A) ATP content of SIM‐A9 cells cultured for 3 h on glass or PET surfaces with (+) or without (−) monolayer graphene‐coating in PBS. (B) Representative images of cells on glass (Gl) and graphene‐coated glass (Gr/Gl); scale bar: 200 µm. (C) TNF‐ α secretion measured by ELISA. Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) treatment served as a positive control. (D) Cells were cotreated with surfaces or LPS in combination with polymyxin B for 3 h. Data are presented as percentage of control (untreated cells on tissue culture plastic) and shown as mean ± SD from at least two independent experiments ( n ≥ 3 each). Statistical analysis was performed using one‐way ANOVA with Sidak's post hoc test (* p < 0.05, ** p < 0.01, *** p < 0.001).

Article Snippet: Monolayer graphene films grown by chemical vapor deposition (CVD) were purchased from Graphenea Semiconductor S.L. (San Sebastián, Spain) and transferred onto the substrates via a wet‐transfer process following the manufacturer's standard protocol.

Techniques: Activation Assay, Cell Culture, Enzyme-linked Immunosorbent Assay, Positive Control, Control

Carbon nanotubes (NT) but not nanoplatelets (NP) induce stimulation of SIM‐A9 cells. (A) ATP content of SIM‐A9 cells incubated for 3 h with graphene nanomaterials (amount adjusted to match a graphene monolayer). (B) TNF‐ α secretion measured by ELISA; lipopolysaccharide (LPS) served as a positive control. (C,D) Prostaglandin and nitric oxide levels measured in cell supernatants. Data are presented as percentage of control and shown as mean ± SD from three independent experiments ( n = 2 each). Statistical analysis was performed using Kruskal–Wallis test with Dunn's multiple comparisons (ns, p > 0.05; * p < 0.05; ** p < 0.01; *** p < 0.001).

Journal: Small Science

Article Title: Graphene Triggers Inflammation in Murine Microglia via Phagocytosis

doi: 10.1002/smsc.202500531

Figure Lengend Snippet: Carbon nanotubes (NT) but not nanoplatelets (NP) induce stimulation of SIM‐A9 cells. (A) ATP content of SIM‐A9 cells incubated for 3 h with graphene nanomaterials (amount adjusted to match a graphene monolayer). (B) TNF‐ α secretion measured by ELISA; lipopolysaccharide (LPS) served as a positive control. (C,D) Prostaglandin and nitric oxide levels measured in cell supernatants. Data are presented as percentage of control and shown as mean ± SD from three independent experiments ( n = 2 each). Statistical analysis was performed using Kruskal–Wallis test with Dunn's multiple comparisons (ns, p > 0.05; * p < 0.05; ** p < 0.01; *** p < 0.001).

Article Snippet: Monolayer graphene films grown by chemical vapor deposition (CVD) were purchased from Graphenea Semiconductor S.L. (San Sebastián, Spain) and transferred onto the substrates via a wet‐transfer process following the manufacturer's standard protocol.

Techniques: Incubation, Enzyme-linked Immunosorbent Assay, Positive Control, Control